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Sunday, December 28, 2014

FINITE AND NON-FINITE VERB


FINITE AND NON-FINITE VERBS
Finite and non-finite Verbs
Finite verbs
Present Simple: I type I speak
Present Continuous: I am typing I am speaking
Past Simple: I typed I spoke
Present Perfect: I have typed I have spoken
Non-finite verbs
Present Participle: Typing speed Speaking engagement
Perfect Participle: Having typed Having spoken
Past Participle: Typed letters Spoken commentary
Gerund: Typing can be difficult. Do you find speaking stressful?
Infinitive: To type is a real skill. They want you to speak.
Non-finite verbs are not limited by subject, person, number or tense
The Present Participle is formed by adding the suffix – ing. It functions as an adjective.
 His typing speed was less than ideal.
 The speaking engagement was for next Friday afternoon.
The Perfect Participle is formed by combining with the past participle:
Having typed the letter, he went home.
Having spoken her mind, she felt more at ease.
The Past Participle without an auxiliary, functions as an adjective:
Typed letters don’t always look better than hand-written ones.
 Most sports shows have a spoken commentary with them.
The Gerund is merely the present participle that functions as a noun.
Typing is something I don’t do as well as I should.
 I find speaking stressful. 2
The Infinitive
To type is a real skill.
To win the prize is my dream.
 This is the best software package to improve productivity.
They want you to speak.

Careful:
You will need to limit your workload (infinitive).
I will work to the limit of my power. (prepositional phrase)
Exercises:
Having looked over the papers, she looked out of the window.
He asked me to go later.
Walking through the park is my favourite activity..
My walking shoes are extremely comfortable.
Present Participles ( –ing form) can be used as an adjective.
This is an interesting book. (This book interests me)
John has become very boring. (John now bores us.)
An astounding number of men stay bachelors. (The number astounds us.)
A charming house on the outskirts of town. (The house charms us.)
There is nothing very surprising in this. (Nothing in this surprises us.)
When Bernhard moans, he’s much more convincing. (When he moans, he convinces us
much more.)
Oil and gas drillers are doing a booming business. (The business of oil drillers is booming.)
I love the noise of falling rain. (I love it when rain falls.)
I don’t like screaming children. (The Children who are screaming) 3
Exercises:
1. The film wasn’t as good as we had expected. It was _________________________.
2. Diana teaches young children. She likes it, but she finds it ____________________.
3. It’s been hot all week. I hate this weather. It’s ______________________________.
Present Participles ( –ing form) can be combined with adverbs in compound structures
An adequately functioning computer. (A computer that functions adequately.)
Pro-active performing staff (Staff who perform pro-actively)
Quick-growing trees (These trees grow quickly)
Slow-moving produce (This produces moves slowly)
Exercises:
1. This class is expanding rapidly. This is a __________________________
2. Our stomachs are aching badly. We have ___________________________________
3. This exercise is exhausting me thoroughly. This is a _____________________________
Present Participles ( –ing form) with an object can be used as an adjective. Note the word
order.
Tamil-speaking Sri Lankans (These Sri Lankans speak Tamil)
A rabbit-hunting woman. (A woman who hunts rabbits.)
Is that oven self-cleaning? (Does that oven clean itself?)
Exercises:
1. She likes to think of herself as someone who occasionally eats meat. She is a __________.
2. This sort of work destroys your soul. It’s __________________________________.
3. I’m not sure if I know what you mean. This could consume a lot of my time.
It could be ________________________.
Verbs + ing forms 4
After some verbs, an –ing form is necessary:
stop delay fancy consider admit miss involve
finish postpone imagine avoid deny risk enjoy
practise detest dislike dread envisage hate miss
recall resent regret risk propose give up put off
carry on go on keep / keep on
After some expressions, an –ing form is necessary:
It’s no use it’s no good there’s no point in it’s (not) worth have difficulty
A waste of money spend/waste time
Examples with passive:
She fears that patients would resent being interviewed by a medical computer.
He loves being looked at by others.
Verb-like -ing forms
Agent (subject) of gerund is also the subject of the verb in the sentence.
Same time
Carol’s in the bar having a drink.
A man ran out of the house shouting.
Don’t just stand there doing nothing.
Steve hurt his arm playing tennis.
Be careful when crossing the road
He had been up all night, attending a dying man.
They ran screaming out of the room.
A little girl walked past, her doll dragging behind her on the pavement.
A little girl walked past, dragging her doll behind her on the pavement.
A car roared past with smoke pouring from the exhaust.
Strolling in nonchalantly, she failed to notice the time on the clock on the wall. 5
Often used with verbs of reporting.
I saw a small girl standing in the goldfish pond.
I saw him walking down the street.
She heard me reading aloud my vocabulary.
Liz felt something touching her on the back.
Tim smelt something burning.
Succession of events
After finishing her work, she went home.
After scanning the article, she was able to answer the multiple-choice questions.
After talking to you I always feel better.
Cause/Effect
Feeling tired, I went to bed early.
Being French, it’s surprising that she’s such a terrible cook.
Having so little time, there was not much that I could do.
Training funds being available, she was able to improve her knowledge of spreadsheets
Nobody having any more to say, the meeting was closed.
Not knowing what to do, I telephoned the police.
With Peter working in Geelong, and Lucy travelling most of the week, the house seems
pretty empty.
Instead of relative clauses
Who’s the fat man sitting in the corner?
There’s a woman crying her eyes out over there.
Anyone touching that wire, will get a shock.
There’s Neville, eating as usual. 6
Who’s the girl dancing with your brother?
But: Who’s the girl your brother’s dancing with?
Referring to objects, even indirect objects:
I watched the match because I knew some of the people playing.
I don’t like children screaming.
I found him sitting at a table covered with papers.

We can offer you a job cleaning cars.
After conjunctions and prepositions.
She’s been quite different since coming back from Singapore.
On meeting each other, Australian people often shake hands.
They left without saying goodbye.
Misrelated participles
My wife had a long talk with Sally, explaining why she didn’t want the children to play
together.
Like adverbs?
Generally speaking, men can run faster than women.
Considering everything, it wasn’t a bad holiday.
I thought it pointless starting before nine o’ clock. 7
Perfect Participles
Having found a hotel, we looked for somewhere to have dinner.
Having finished her work, she went home.
Having lost all of my money, I went home.
Having failed my medical exams, I took up teaching.
After having annoyed everybody he went home.
Having driven five hours to the meeting, Don learnt that it had been postponed.
Having been invited to the party, we could hardly refuse to go.
All the money having been spent, we started looking for work.
Having been hunted close to extinction, the rhino is once again common in this area.
Having been declared insane, he was confined for four months in a prison hospital.
She’s angry about not having been invited to the party.
Past participles
Past Participles ( –ed form) can be used as an adjective. These are derived from passive
constructions.
The upstairs toilet window is still broken. (The window was broken by someone)
The house looked abandoned. (The house had been abandoned by its occupants.)
We cannot refuse to teach children the required subjects. (The subjects are required by the
school.)
She says she’s got a broken heart. (Her heart was broken by someone.)
A lost dog. (The dog was lost by someone.)
The recovered animals will be released. (The animals were recovered by someone.)
He was driven home in an armoured car. (The car was armoured. It had been armoured by a
vehicle security firm.)
Compound structures
Government-inspired rumours (These rumours have been inspired by the government.)
Home-made cake (This cake was made at home.) 8
A recently-built house. (This house was recently built.)
The above-mentioned point (This point was mentioned above.)
I like highly-motivated students.
It was a richly-deserved honour.
She had a very laid-back manner.
After nouns (or pronouns) – these are similar to reduced relative clauses:
I got the only ticket left.
Most of the people invited to the reception were old friends.
We couldn’t agree on any of the problems discussed.
The people questioned gave very different opinions.
Most of those questioned refused to answer.
Those selected will begin training on Monday.
Half of the people invited to the party didn’t turn up.
Clause-like structures
Rejected by all his friends, he decided to become a monk.
Used economically, one tin will last for six weeks.
Served with milk and sugar, it makes a delicious breakfast.
Participle clauses after conjunctions and prepositions.
Once deprived of oxygen, the brain dies. 9
Gerunds
A gerund is a verbal form that ends in -ing and functions as a noun. Since a gerund functions
as a noun, it occupies some positions in a sentence that a noun ordinarily would, for example:
subject, direct object, subject complement, and object of preposition.
Gerund as subject:
• Travelling might satisfy your desire for new experiences.
• The study abroad program might satisfy your desire for new experiences.
Gerund as direct object:
• They do not appreciate my singing.
• They do not appreciate my assistance.
Gerund as subject complement:
• My cat's favourite activity is sleeping.
• My cat's favourite food is salmon.
Gerund as object of preposition:
• The police arrested him for speeding.
• The police arrested him for criminal activity. 10
 A Gerund Phrase is a group of words consisting of a gerund and the modifier(s)
and/or (pro)noun(s) or noun phrase(s) that function as the direct object(s), indirect
object(s), or complement(s) of the action or state expressed in the gerund, such as:
Finding a needle in a haystack would be
easier than what we're trying to do.
The gerund phrase functions as the subject of
the sentence.
Finding (gerund)
a needle (direct object of action expressed in
gerund)
in a haystack (prepositional phrase as adverb)
I hope that you appreciate my offering
you this opportunity.
The gerund phrase functions as the direct
object of the verb appreciate.
my (possessive pronoun adjective form, modifying
the gerund)
offering (gerund)
you (indirect object of action expressed in gerund)
this opportunity (direct object of action expressed
in gerund)
Newt's favourite tactic has been lying to
his constituents.
The gerund phrase functions as the subject
complement.
lying to (gerund)
his constituents (direct object of action expressed
in gerund)
You might get in trouble for faking an
illness to avoid work.
The gerund phrase functions as the object of
the preposition for.
faking (gerund)
an illness (direct object of action expressed in
gerund)
to avoid work (infinitive phrase as adverb)
Being the boss made Jeff feel uneasy.
The gerund phrase functions as the subject of
the sentence.
Being (gerund)
the boss (subject complement for Jeff, via state of
being expressed in gerund)
 11
Punctuation
A gerund virtually never requires any punctuation with it.

Points to remember:
1. A gerund is a verbal ending in -ing that is used as a noun.
2. A gerund phrase consists of a gerund plus modifier(s), object(s), and/or
complement(s).
3. Gerunds and gerund phrases virtually never require punctuation.

Exercise on Gerunds:
Underline the gerunds or gerund phrases in the following sentences and label how
they function in the sentence (subject, direct object, subject complement, object of
preposition).
1. Swimming keeps me in shape.
2. Swimming in your pool is always fun.
3. Telling your father was a mistake.
4. The college recommends sending applications early.
5. He won the game by scoring during the overtime period.
6. Her most important achievement was winning the national championship.
7. Going to work today took all my energy.
8. Fighting for a losing cause made them depressed. 12
Infinitives
The infinitive may function as a subject, direct object, subject complement, adjective, or
adverb in a sentence. Although an infinitive is easy to locate because of the to + verb form,
deciding what function it has in a sentence can sometimes be confusing.
• To wait seemed foolish when decisive action was required. (subject)
• Everyone wanted to go. (direct object)
• His ambition is to fly. (subject complement)
• He lacked the strength to resist. (adjective)
• We must study to learn. (adverb)
An Infinitive Phrase is a group of words consisting of an infinitive and the modifier(s) and/or
(pro)noun(s) or noun phrase(s) that function as the actor(s), direct object(s), indirect object(s),
or complement(s) of the action or state expressed in the infinitive, such as:
We intended to leave early.
Functioning as direct object of the verb intended.
to leave (infinitive)
early (adverb)
I have a paper to write
before class.
Functioning as an adjective modifying paper.
to write (infinitive)
before class (prepositional phrase as adverb)
Phil agreed to give me a
ride.
Functioning as the direct object of the verb agreed.
to give (infinitive)
me (indirect object of action expressed in infinitive)
a ride (direct object of action expressed in infinitive)
They asked me to bring
some food.
Functioning as the direct object of the verb asked.
me (actor or "subject" of infinitive phrase)
to bring (infinitive)
some food (direct object of action expressed in infinitive)
Everyone wanted Carol to be
the captain of the team.
Functioning as the direct object of the verb wanted.
Carol (actor or "subject" of infinitive phrase)
to be (infinitive)
the captain (subject complement for Carol, via state of being
expressed in infinitive)
of the team (prepositional phrase as adjective) 13
Actors: In these last two examples the actor of the infinitive phrase could be roughly
described as the "subject". It is a bit misleading to use the word subject, however, since an
infinitive phrase is not a full clause with a subject and a finite verb. Also notice that when it is
a pronoun, the actor appears in the objective case (me, not I, in the fourth example). Certain
verbs, when they take an infinitive direct object, require an actor for the infinitive phrase;
others can't have an actor. Still other verbs can go either way, as the charts below illustrate.
Verbs that take infinitive objects without actors:
agree begin refuse decide
fail hesitate hope intend
learn neglect offer plan
prefer pretend promise
remember start try

Examples:
Most students plan to study.
We began to learn.
They offered to pay.
They neglected to pay.
She promised to return.
In all of these examples no actor can come between the italicized main (finite) verb and the
infinitive direct-object phrase.
Verbs that take infinitive objects with actors:
advise allow convince remind
encourage force hire teach
instruct invite permit tell
implore incite appoint order 14
 Examples:
He reminded me to buy milk.
Their fathers advise them to study.
She forced the defendant to admit the truth.
You've convinced the director of the program to change her position.
I invite you to consider the evidence.
In all of these examples an actor is required after the italicized main (finite) verb and before
the infinitive direct-object phrase.
Verbs that use either pattern:
ask expect (would) like want

Examples:
I asked to see the records.
I asked him to show me the records.
Trent expected his group to win.
Trent expected to win.
Brenda likes to drive fast.
Brenda likes her friend to drive fast.
In all of these examples the italicized main verb can take an infinitive object with or without an
actor.
Punctuation:
If the infinitive is used as an adverb and is the beginning phrase in a sentence, it
should be set off with a comma; otherwise, no punctuation is needed for an infinitive
phrase.
• To buy a basket of flowers, John had to spend his last dollar.
• To improve your writing, you must consider your purpose and audience.

 15
Split infinitives:
Split infinitives occur when additional words are included between to and the verb in an
infinitive. Many readers find a single adverb splitting the infinitive to be acceptable, but
this practice should be avoided in formal writing.
Examples:
I like to on a nice day walk in the woods. * (unacceptable)
On a nice day, I like to walk in the woods. (revised)
I needed to quickly gather my personal possessions. (acceptable in informal contexts)
I needed to gather my personal possessions quickly. (revised for formal contexts)

Exercise on Infinitives:
Underline the infinitive phrase and label the way it is used in the sentence, adding any
punctuation as needed.
1. I want to go.
2. I want you to go home.
3. We want to see the play.
4. To see a shooting star is good luck.
5. To fight against those odds would be ridiculous. 16
Now underline the infinitive phrase and label how it is used in the sentence.
6. To design a new building for them would be challenging.
7. I want him to be my bodyguard.
8. Jim is expected to program computers at his new job.
9. They will try to build a new stadium in ten years.
10. To distill a quart of moonshine takes two hours.
11. The president wants to use nuclear energy for peaceful purposes.
12. She has the money to buy it.
13. We demonstrated to attract attention to our agenda.
14. I do not like to give poor grades.
15. The dogs were taught to stand, to sit, and to bark on command.
16. To be great is to be true to yourself and to the highest principles of honor.

17. To see is to believe.

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Grammar Lessons - Non-Finite Verb

Grammar Lessons - Non-Finite Verb

Monday, October 27, 2014

MATHS - QUESTION

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This file contains sample questions for three levels:
1. School Level
2. Competition Level
3. Graduate Level
1. School Level
Note: The incorrect options need to be logical. Explanations are needed for the right answers as well as for
the logical distracters.
1. If A:B = 2:3 and B:C = 4:5, then A:B:C is
(1) 2:3:5 (2) 5:4:6 (3) 6:4:5 (4) 8:12:15
2. If (a - b) is 6 more than (c + d) and (a + b) is 3 less than (c - d), then (a - c) is
(1) 0.5 (2) 1 (3) 1.5 (4) 2.5
3. If the altitude of a triangle is increased by 10 per cent while its area remains same, then its
corresponding base will have to be decreased by
(1) 10.02 per cent (2) 9.01 per cent (3) 9.11 per cent (4) 11.9per cent
4. A number
 – is less than 50
 – is multiple of 7
 – has total 3 factors
 What is this number?
 (1) 14 (2) 42 (3) 49 (4) 35
5. Amita started to draw her field at 11 : 55 a.m. and finished at 12 : 05 p.m. How much time did she take
to complete the drawing?
 (1) 50 minutes (2) 1 hour 50 minutes (3) 10 minutes (4) 1 hour 10 minutes
6. Two brands of chocolate are available in the packing of 10 and 12. If I have to take both brands of
chocolate with the same quantity, what is the least number of packets of each brand should I purchase?
 (1) Two pack of 10 and two pack 12 (2) Six pack of 10 and five pack of 12
 (3) Twelve pack of 10 and ten pack of 12 (4) Twenty two pack of each
7. Study the following pattern and find out next term.
2025
45
45
1225
35
35
625
25
25
225
15
15
25
5
5
× × × × ×
 (1) 2825
55
55
× (2) 3225
55
55
× (3) 3025
55
55
× (4) 10025
55
55
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8. If 2x + 3y : 3x + 5y = 18 : 29, then
y
x is equal to
 (1) 4
3 (2) 3
4 (3) 3
2 (4) 6
5
9. A piece of paper in the shape of a sector of a circle (see figure 1) is rolled up to form a right-circular
cone (see figure 2). The value of the angle θ is
 (1) 13
10π (2) 13
9π (3) 13
5π (4) 13

10. Consider an incomplete pyramid of balls on a square base having 18 layers; and having 13 balls on
each side of the top layer. Then the total number N of balls in that pyramid satisfies
 (1) 9000 < N < 10000 (2) 8000 < N < 9000 (3) 7000 < N < 8000 (4) 10000 < N < 12000
11. A frog is presently located at the origin (0, 0) in the xy-plane. It always jumps from a point with integer
coordinates to a point with integer coordinates moving a distance of 5 units in each jump. What is the
minimum number of jumps required for the frog to go from (0, 0) to (0, 1)?
 (1) 2 (2) 3 (3) 4 (4) 9
12. There are 30 questions in a multiple choice test. A student gets 1 mark for each unattempted question.
0 mark for each wrong answer and 4 marks for each correct answer. A student answered x question
correctly and scored 60. The possible value of x can be
 (1) 15 (2) 10 (3) 6 (4) 5
13. Three taps A, B and C fill up a tank independently in 10 hr, 20 hr, 30 hr, respectively. Initially the tank is
empty and exactly one pair of taps is open during each hour and every pair of taps is open at least for
one hour. What is the minimum number of hours required to fill the tank?
 (1) 8 (2) 9 (3) 10 (4) 11 TCYonline.com 3
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2. Competition Level
Note: The incorrect options need to be logical. Explanations are needed for the right answers as well as for
the logical distracters.
Directions for Questions 1 - 2: Consider the following:
Let f(x) = and
0, x 1
1 x, x 1




>
− <
g(x) = f(x – 1) + f(x + 1) for all x ∈R.
1. What is ( ) ∫

0
3
g x dx equal to?
 (1) 0 (2) 1
 (3) 2 (4) None of the above
2. What is ( ) ∫
3
0
g equal to? x dx
 (1) 0 (2) 1
(3) 2 (4) None of the above
3. Consider the following statements:
 1. f(x) is a continuous function for all ak ⊂ R.
 2. f(x) is a differentiable function for all ak ∈ R.
 Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
 (1) 1 only (2) 2 only (3) Both 1 and 2 (4) Neither 1 nor 2
4. Consider the following statements:
 1. f(x) is continuous at x = 1 provided a2k = 0.
 2. f(x) is differentiable at x = 1 provided a2k+1 = 0.
 Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
 (1) 1 only (2) 2 only (3) Both 1 and 2 (4) Neither 1 nor 2
Directions for Questions 5 – 6: Consider the function f(x) = |x2
 – 2| on the interval – 3 < x < 3.
5. Which of the following statements is/are correct?
 1. The function attains relative minimum at only one point.
 2. The function attains relative maximum at only one point.
 (1) 1 only (2) 2 only (3) Both 1 and 2 (4) Neither 1 nor 2
6. Which of the above statements is/are correct?
 1. The absolute maximum value of the function is 2.
 2. The absolute minimum value of the function is 0.
 (1) 1 only (2) 2 only (3) Both 1 and 2 (4) Neither 1 nor 2 TCYonline.com 4
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Directions for Questions 7 - 8:
A line L is perpendicular to the lines having direction ratios <3, 2, 1> and <1, 2, 3>.
7. What is the sum of the direction cosines of the line L?
 (1) 0 (1) 1
 (3) 3 (4) None of the above
8. Consider the following statements:
1. The sum of the direction ratios of the line L is equal to sum of the direction cosines of the line
 L.
 2. The angle made by the line L with the y-axis is twice the angle made by the line L with the x-
 axis.
 Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
 (1) 1 only (2) 2 only (3) Both 1 and 2 (4) Neither 1 nor 2
Directions for questions 9- 11 : Consider the plane containing the line 1
z 2
2
y 3
3
x 1

+ = − = −
+ and passing
through the point (1, – 1, 0).
9. What are the direction ratios of the normal to the plane?
 (1) <1, 1, 1> (2) <1, – 1, 1>
 (3) <3, 2, 1> (4) None of the above
10. What is the angle made by the plane with the x-axis?
 (1) tan 2 −1 (2) cot 2 −1
(3) 6
π (4) None of the above
11. What is the equation of the plane?
 (1) x + y – z = 0 (2) – 3x + 2y – z + 6 = 0
 (3) x + y + z = 0 (4) None of the above
12. Two trains, of same length, are running in parallel tracks in opposite directions with speed 65 km/hr and
85 km/hr respectively. They cross each other in 6 seconds. The length of each train is
 (1) 100 metre (2) 115 metre (3) 125 metre (4) 150 metre
13. 3333(333)(333)(334)3333333334++----ΧΧΧ is equal to
(1) 12 (2) 11 (3) 10 (4) 15
14. The value of (12 + 22 + 32…..+ 202) - (1 + 2 + 3 +….+ 20) is
(1) 5320 (2) 4200 (3) 3150 (4) 2660 TCYonline.com 5
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15. In the figure, AKHF, FKDE and HBCK are unit squares and AD and BF intersect at a point X. The ratio
of the areas of triangles AXF and ABF is
(1) ¼ (2) 1/5 (3) 1/8 (4) 1/6
16. A regular octagon is formed by cutting congruent isosceles right-angled triangles from the corners of a
square. If the square has side length 1, then the side-length of the octagon is
 (1) 2
2 − 1 (2) 2 − 1 (3) 4
5 − 1 (4) 3
5 − 1
17. the value ( ) ( ) ∫

+ +
2012
2012
3 5 sin x x 1dx is
 (1) 2012 (2) 2013 (3) 0 (4) 4024
18. In the adjacent figures, which has the shortest path?

(1) Fig. 1 (2) Fig. 2 (3) Fig. 3 (4) Fig. 4 TCYonline.com 6
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3. Graduate Level
Note: The incorrect options need to be logical. Explanations are needed for the right answers as well as for
the logical distracters.
1. In a race of 1000 m, A can beat B by 100 m. In a race of 400 m, B beats C by 40 m. In a race of 500 m,
A will beat C by
(1) 95 m (2) 50 m (3) 45 m (4) 60 m
2. 1111...1223341011++++ΧΧΧΧ is equal to
(1) 911 (2) 1011 (3) 1211 (4) 109 110
3. The least one of 4, 23
, 25
 and 32
 is
(1) 23
 (2) 4 (3) 25
 (4) 32
4. The difference between a discount of 40 per cent on Rs. 500 and two successive discounts of 36 per
cent and 4 per cent on the same amount is
(1) zero (2) Rs. 1.93 (3) Rs. 2.00 (4) Rs. 7.20
5.
1.5625 0.0289 72.9 64
0.081 0.324 4.624
× × ×
× × is
 (1) 24 (2) 2.4 (3) 0.024 (4) 2.04
6. If x + y + z = 15, xy + yz + zx = 75, then 3z
x + 4y + z is equal to
 (1) 1 (2) 0 (3) 2 (4) – 1
7. If the difference between an exterior angle of a regular polygon of n sides and an exterior angle of
another regular polygon of (n + 1) sides is equal to 5°, then the value of n is
 (1) 5 (2) 6 (3) 7 (4) 8
8. The value of
6
1 6
1 2
7
21
5
1 2
8 8



− × is
 (1) 0 (2) 4 (3) 3 (4) 2
9. The total number of prime factors in (25)10 × (24)20 × (26)25 is
 (1) 1000 (2) 120 (3) 150 (4) 140
10. Let a, b and c be numbers in the set (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6) such that the curves y = 2x3
 + ax + b and y = 2x3
 +
cx + d have no point in common. The maximum possible value of (a – c)2
 + b – d is
 (1) 0 (2) 5 (3) 30 (4) 36
11. Consider the conic ex2
 + π y2
 – 2e2
x – 2 π 2
y + e3
 + 3 π = e. Suppose P is any point on the conic and S1
. S2 are the foci of the conic, then the maximum value of (PS1 + PS2) is
 (1) πe (2) πe (3) 2 π (4) 2 eTCYonline.com 7
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12. The value
( )
( ) ∫

π
+
π
+
/ 2
0
2 1
/ 2
0
2 1
sin x dx
sin x dx
 is
 (1)
2 1
2 1

+ (2)
2 1
2 1
+
− (3)
2
2 + 1 (4) 2 − 2
13. Let [x] and {x} be the integer part and fractional part of a real number x respectively. The value of the
integeral ∫
5
0
[ is x] {x} dx
 (1) 5/2 (2) 5 (3) 34.5 (4) 35.5
14. Let f(x) =
x 1
x 1

+ for all x ≠ 1. Let f1
(x) = f(x), f2
(x) = f(f(x)) and generally fn
(x) = f(fn–1(x)) for n > 1. If P =
f
1
(2) f2
(3) f3
(4) f4
(5), which of the following is a multiple of P?
 (1) 125 (2) 375 (3) 250 (4) 147 

VERBAL- QUESTION

TCYonline.com Sample Questions (Verbal) 1
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Specimen Questions (Graduate/ Under-graduate Level): Topic Wise
Note: The incorrect options need to be logical. These may represent correct meanings as per dictionary but
incorrect meanings in context.
Type 1: Vocabulary in Context: Synonyms
Directions: The sentence below has a word in capitals. Select the synonym of the word as per the context.
1. Even if you disagree on both COUNTS, the current approach is also flawed technologically.
(1) Numbers (2) Matters (3) Values (4) Attributes
Explanation: Counts here means 'taking account of' something'. The nearest word is 'attributes'.
2. This truth unfortunately gets lost in our chase for that ELUSIVE dream.
(1) Terrifying (2) Unusual (3) Unachievable (4) Haunting
Explanation: Elusive could be something mysterious, inaccessible or unachievable. Here only the last one fits
the context.
Type 2: Vocabulary in Context: Antonyms
Directions: The sentence below has a word in capitals. Select the antonym of the word as per the context.
Difficulty: Graduate Level
3. More money is spent in saving a few lives in the distant future, than in COMBATING malnutrition,
malaria, or communicable diseases today.
(1) Holding (2) Befriending (3) Curing (4) Supporting
Explanation: Combat is to fight. The opposite that fits the context is supporting. Either you are fighting
malnutrition, or you are supporting it.
4. There lies a deeper and DELIBERATE 'backlash'.
(1) Voluntary (2) Abrupt (3) Accidental (4) Unforeseen
Explanation: Deliberate is purposeful; the opposite in context is accidental.
Type 3: Sentence Completion (Vocabulary in context)
Note: The incorrect options need to be logical. Different payment structure for questions with one/two blanks
Directions: Choose the correct alternative out of the four suggested to fill in the blank and complete the
sentence.
5. The human mind seems to have built-in __________________ against original thought.
(1) prejuduces (2) ideas (3) interests (4) safeguards
Explanation: 'Original thought' is something good. So, we need a negative word 'against' it. TCYonline.com Sample Questions (Verbal) 2
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6. If strict ___________ measures had been taken, the tragedy might have been ________________.
(1) safety, restrained (2) security, averted (3) safety, evaded (4) controlling, controlled
Explanation: Both 'safety' and 'security' may well have been used, but we evade a responsibility (something
positive), but avert a crisis/clash (something negative).
Type 4: Sentence Completion (Grammar Based)
Note: The incorrect options need to be logical. The questions will test a variety of grammatical concepts like
preposition, conjunction, article, verb, auxiliary, modal, adjective, adverb etc.
Directions: Choose the correct alternative out of the four suggested to fill in the blank and complete the
sentence.
7. A child is the future of a family __________________ nation.
(1) just as (2) as a (3) like a (4) as well as of a
Explanation: Family is the smallest unit of human society; nation is among the largest. A child is the future of
both.
Type 5: Reading Comprehension
Note: The incorrect options need to be logical distracters. Each passage shall have 5 questions. One
question will check words/phrases in context. Explanations needed for the right answer as well as for the
wrong ones. All passages will be in Indian or general contexts.
Directions for questions 8 to 12: Read the passage and answer the questions that follow.
Wealth should not be an end in itself but only a means of satisfying one’s as well as others’ needs. It should
be a means of creating a happy and humane society. Riches can be profitably spent in removing the wants of
the poor and the needy, by providing them with food and clothing, by establishing hospitals for the sick,
shelters for children who have none to look after them, and old-age homes to provide comfort and company to
the growing number of old and helpless people. Wealth can also be put to public use by establishing trusts to
open up more and more educational institutions, to finance research work for promotion of science, health
care and agriculture. When used only as a means of creating more and more luxuries and procuring objects
of sensual gratification, it leads to corruption and sin. Even wealth used only to generate more wealth loses its
intrinsic worth. We should not forget that wealth came into existence to facilitate the fulfilment of human needs
and development of society.
8. By saying ‘Wealth should not be an end in itself’ the writer means that
(1) One should not stop creating wealth
(2) Creating more and more wealth should not be one’s object
(3) Wealth should not be used for personal use
(4) Wealth is exhausted if not used in different tasks
9. In Riches can be profitably spent’ the word ‘profitably’ in this context means
(1) Riches can be used in manifold ways
(2) Riches can be used for financial gains
(3) Riches can be used in beneficial way
(4) Riches can be used to acquire fame TCYonline.com Sample Questions (Verbal) 3
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10. The central idea of the passage is
(1) Wealth should not be used for personal comfort but for comfort of others
(2) Personal use of wealth leads to sin
(3) Wealth should be judiciously used for personal as well as social and humanitarian purposes
(4) Wealth should be used for others only after fulfilling one’s needs
11. The intrinsic worth of wealth lies in
(1) its use for charitable purposes
(2) its use for enjoyment of life
(3) its use for fulfilment of human needs and development of society
(4) its use for self-aggrandizement
12. ........................

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